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Table 1 Peak values at exhaustion in normoxia, hypoxia and after the normoxia switch at exhaustion in hypoxia

From: Control and sensation of breathing during cycling exercise in hypoxia under naloxone: a randomised controlled crossover trial

 

Normoxia

Hypoxia

Normoxia switch after hypoxia

 

Placebo

Naloxone

Placebo

Naloxone

Placebo

Naloxone

Power (watt)

296 ± 48

292 ± 52

182 ± 36*

184 ± 34*

282 ± 51

291 ± 49

Time (min)

22.5 ± 2.6

22.3 ± 2.4

22.0 ± 3.8

22.4 ± 3.7

27.1 ± 4.2

27.6 ± 3.9

HR (/min)

184 ± 5

181 ± 7

169 ± 7*

168 ± 7*

173 ± 5

170 ± 6

Lactate (mM)

11.3 ± 3.7

10.5 ± 2.4

10.4 ± 2.9

10.3 ± 3.7

11.3 ± 3.0

10.9 ± 5.1

RPE global (a.u.)

9.7 ± 0.5

9.6 ± 0.5

9.4 ± 0.7

9.7 ± 0.5

9.3 ± 0.9

9.4 ± 0.5

RPE resp (a.u.)

9.5 ± 0.7

9.4 ± 0.9

9.5 ± 0.6

9.5 ± 0.7

9.0 ± 1.1

8.9 ± 0.4

RPE legs (a.u.)

9.9 ± 0.3

9.7 ± 0.7

9.6 ± 0.5

9.8 ± 0.4

10.0 ± 0.0

10.0 ± 0.0

SaO2 (%)

91.7 ± 4.1

93.3 ± 6.4

67.5 ± 8.9*

63.6 ± 8.8*

90.55±

95.70±

PETCO2 (kPa)

4.44 ± 0.70

4.56 ± 0.48

3.50 ± 0.18*

3.49 ± 0.26*

4.48 ± 0.32

4.42 ± 0.40

V'O2 (L/min)

3.77 ± 0.8

3.85 ± 0.76

2.39 ± 0.40*

2.39 ± 0.40*

3.53 ± 0.71

3.64 ± 0.63

V'CO2(L/min)

4.92 ± 1.1

4.86 ± 0.80

3.19 ± 0.53*

3.30 ± 0.57*

3.86 ± 0.78

4.05 ± 0.85

V'E (L/min)

150 ± 33

146 ± 21

128 ± 20*

133 ± 24*

123 ± 21

132 ± 28

V'A (L/min)

159 ± 43

154 ± 27

133 ± 26*

137 ± 37*

126 ± 27

138 ± 37

Vt (L)

2.98 ± 0.39

3.16 ± 0.41

2.89 ± 0.51

2.97 ± 0.72

2.91 ± 0.45

3.09±

RR (/min)

50 ± 8

47 ± 7

45 ± 7

44 ± 7

42 ± 6

43 ± 5

MEFR (L/sec)

5.1 ± 1.2

5.0 ± 0.8

4.2 ± 0.7

4.3 ± 0.9

4.1 ± 0.8

4.4 ± 1.0

  1. Naloxone had no effect on any of these parameters in either condition. Power, mechanical power output on cycle ergometer; time, time to exhaustion; HR, heart rate; lactate, arterialized lactate concentration; RPE, rate of perceived exertion (overall, respiratory, legs); SaO2, earlobe oximetry; P ET CO2, end-tidal CO2; V'O2, oxygen consumption; V'CO2, expired CO2; V' E , minute ventilation; V' A , alveolar ventilation; Vt, tidal volume; RR, respiratory frequency; MEFR, peak expiratory flow. *Significantly different from normoxia.