Regional variations in transepidermal water loss, eccrine sweat gland density, sweat secretion rates and electrolyte composition in resting and exercising humans

Table 4 Coefficients for predicting regional variations in glandular density and sweat rates

The coefficients can be used to predict regional variations during resting, passive heating and light-moderate exercise. For passive heating, predictions relate to conditions that elicit a core temperature of 37.2°C (or a 0.6°C elevation above baseline), and a whole-body sweat rate of 0.4 L.h⁻¹. During exercise, the core temperature was 38.8°C (elevation of 2.2°C), external work rate was 125 W and the sweat rate was approximately 1.0 L.h⁻¹. General equation: Body surface area (cm²) × coefficient A (fractional surface area[110]) × coefficient B (site-specific glandular density (B₁: glands.cm⁻²) or sweat rate (B₂ or B₃: mg.min⁻¹)). Gland densities are from Figure2A. Sweat rates are pooled from data in Figures7 and8 (authors' laboratory). Data for the axilla and buttocks (in both states), and for the forearm, upper arm, thigh and leg during exercise were obtained from the literature. Bilateral predictions include both limbs.

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