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Physiological changes
|
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Physiological alterations induced by the space environment: space motion sickness, muscular and bone loss, orthostatic hypotension upon return to gravity, loss of aerobic capacity, immunodeficiency
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Partially (cardiovascular deconditioning only)
|
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Poor expected hemodynamic tolerance to hypovolemia, general anaesthesia, mechanical ventilation
|
Yes
|
|
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics changes
|
Partially (drugs distribution affected by lower cardiac output)
|
|
Reduced wound healing
|
No
|
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Technical constraints
|
|
Isolation and impossible urgent evacuation
|
Yes
|
|
Communication delay
|
Yes
|
|
Immobilisation of patient, operator and equipment (in weightlessness)
|
Not applicable
|
|
Limited medical equipment and consumables (mass, volume, power requirement)
|
Yes
|
|
Limited choice and volume of IV fluids
|
Yes
|
|
Specific IV fluid infusion system (in weightlessness)
|
Not applicable
|
|
Altered drugs shelf-life
|
No
|
|
Risk of closed environment contamination with gas, liquids or biological substances
|
No
|
|
Lack of blood substitutes
|
Yes
|
|
Management of healthcare waste
|
Yes
|
|
Human factors
|
|
Limited medical skills (especially if crew doctor injured or ill)
|
Yes
|
|
Fading of skills during the flight
|
No
|
|
Psychological stress
|
Partially
|
